RCAH-Review Вестник Русской христианской гуманитарной академии RCAH Review 10.25991/VRHGA.2023.4.4.008 Иудейская герменевтика как инструмент апологетики в Евангелии от Матфея 2:23 2023 Трупбергенов Абай Trupbergenov Abay Санкт- Петербургский государственный университет St. Petersburg State University 25 12 2023 24 4 99 112 © 2023 Русская христианская гуманитарная академия им. Ф. М. Достоевского 2023 Русская христианская гуманитарная академия им. Ф. М. Достоевского Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F. M. Dostoevsky Материал распространяется по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). https://rhga.ru/izdaniya/vestnik-rhga/arhiv/statia.php?ID=3239

Целью статьи является анализ герменевтического аспекта апологетики в Евангелии от Матфея 2:23. В статье используется методология сравнительной иудейской герменевтики, филологического и историко-культурного анализа. Результаты исследования показывают, что Матфей преследует апологетическую цель в своем рождественском рассказе ввиду того, что некоторые детали Рождества не имеют ясной библейской основы. Иудейская герменевтика решает проблему отсутствия прямых библейских пророчеств. Пешат позволяет установить связь Рождества с ветхозаветными фрагментами вне их контекста. Однако даже пешат недостаточен для доказательства назаретского происхождения мессии, потому что в Ветхом завете нет ни одного упоминания о Назарете. Гезера шава позволяет установить фонологическую связь между Назаретом и ветхозаветными фрагментами. Нарочитая неопределенность цитаты создает возможность заявить о множестве пророков, предсказывавших назаретское происхождение Иисуса. Пешат и гезера шава несут не только герменевтическую, но и риторическую функцию убеждения. Данное исследование позволило сделать вывод, что Матфей использует иудейскую герменевтику как средство апологетики.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the hermeneutical aspect of apologetics in the Gospel of Matthew 2:23. The article uses the methodology of comparative Jewish hermeneutics, philological and historical-cultural analysis. The results of the study show that Matthew pursues an apologetic goal in his Christmas story because some details of Christmas do not have a clear biblical basis. Jewish hermeneutics solves the problem of the lack of direct biblical prophecies. Peshat makes it possible to establish the connection between Christmas and Old Testament fragments outside of their context. However, even peshat was insufficient to prove the origin of the Messiah from Nazareth, because there is not a single mention of Nazareth in the Old Testament. Gezera shava makes it possible to establish a phonological connection between Nazareth and the Old Testament fragments. The deliberate vagueness of the quotation makes it possible to declare that a multitude of prophets predicted the Nazarene origin of Jesus. Peshat and gezera shava include not only hermeneutic tools, but also a rhetorical function of persuasion. In conclusion, Matthew uses Jewish hermeneutics as a means of apologetics.

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